![]() ![]() The 50 Hz/60 Hz magnetic field from ac power is a common source of the noise that ground loops pick up. These ground paths can act as a large loop antenna that causes noise to be picked up from the environment, inducing currents in the grounding system. Ground loops are, as their name suggests a physical loop in a system’s grounding scheme resulting from multiple ground paths between circuits. These are covered in greater detail in Ott, AN-375, AN-740, AN-770, and AN-727 (see the References section). Though this discussion focuses on breaking ground loops as a motivation for isolating these interfaces, there are other important considerations, such as operator safety and the protection of electronics that necessitate isolation. Ground loops are discussed in the context of USB throughout this article, but other interfaces, such as RS-232, RS-485, and CAN, are also susceptible to ground loops (see AN-375, AN-740, AN-770). This article will explain how ground loops occur and discuss how galvanic isolation has been used to eliminate them. If this voltage is large enough, it can cause data errors at the receiver. A ground loop can be a source of interference that can induce a noise voltage between the grounds on either end of the transmission. Transmitting data over long distances is fraught with potential problems. This article explains how ground loops occur and discusses how galvanic isolation has been used to eliminate them. Breaking Ground Loops with Functional Isolation to Reduce Data Transmission Errors ![]()
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